Sequential circuits are circuits where the output depends on present and past inputs, i.e., they have memory. This memory is called the state. Contrast this with combinational circuits where they only depend on present values.

All memory circuits have feedback loops (a little like op amp circuits).

Important examples of sequential circuits are:

Some frequent features of sequential circuits include:

HDL implementation

In Verilog, our sensitivity list can include the edge of a signal:

always@(posedge clock, negedge resetn)

We always want to specify an else statement for sequential circuits.